According to de Coussemaker, the song was recorded “in the part of French Flanders that borders on the Pas de Calais”.Another similar folksong, “Les Dons de l’An”, was recorded in the Cambresis region of France. Twelve singing cockerels,Eleven silver dishes,Ten white pigeons,Nine horned oxen,Eight biting cows,Seven windmills,Six running dogs,Five rabbits running along the ground,Four ducks flying in the air,Three wooden branches,Two turtle doves,One lone partridge,Who goes, who comes, who flies,Who flies in the woods. “Les Douze Mois” (“The Twelve Months”) (also known as “La Perdriole”—”The Partridge”) is another similar cumulative verse from France that has been likened to The Twelve Days of Christmas. In Blekinge and Småland, southern Sweden, a similar song was also sung. In the Faroe Islands, there is a comparable counting Christmas song. Similarly, Iceland has a Christmas tradition where “Yule Lads” put gifts in the shoes of children for each of the 13 nights of Christmas.citation needed
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- On the second day of ChristmasMy true love gave to meTwo turtle dovesAnd a partridge in a pear tree.
- In Blekinge and Småland, southern Sweden, a similar song was also sung.
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Classic FM Movie Music Hall of Fame
The song enumerates a series of increasingly grand gifts given on each of the twelve days of Christmas, starting on Christmas Day and ending on the Epiphany (January 6th). On the fourth day of Christmas,my true love sent to me Four calling birds,Three French hens,Two turtle doves, And a partridge in a pear tree. On the first day of Christmas my true love sent to meLe premier jour de Noël mon grand amour m’a envoyéA partridge in a pear treeUne perdrix dans un poirier Assuming the gifts are repeated in full in each round of the song, the persona’s true love sends her a total of 364 items by the twelfth day.
Standard melody
William and Ceil Baring-Gould reiterate this idea, which implies that the gifts for the first seven days are all birds. The fifth day of Christmas my true love sent to me five hares running, four ducks quacking, three fat hens, two turtle-doves, a partridge, and a pear-tree; The fourth day of Christmas my true love sent to me four ducks quacking, three fat hens, two turtle-doves, a partridge, and a pear-tree; The third day of Christmas my true love sent to me three fat hens, two turtle-doves, a partridge, and a pear-tree; The second day of Christmas my true love sent to me two turtle-doves, a partridge, and a pear-tree; The first day of Christmas my true love sent to me a partridge and a pear-tree;
The Twelve Days of Christmas
It has also been suggested that this carol is connected to the “old ballad” which Sir Toby Belch begins to sing in Shakespeare’s Twelfth Night. Some authors suggest a connection to a religious verse entitled “Twelfth Day”, found in a thirteenth century manuscript at Trinity College, Cambridge; this theory is criticised as “erroneous” by Yoffie. Husk, in the 1864 excerpt quoted below, stated that the carol was “found on broadsides printed at Newcastle at various periods during the last hundred and fifty years”, i.e. from approximately 1714. There is evidence pointing to the North of England, specifically the area around Newcastle upon Tyne, as the origin of the carol. The kinds of gifts vary in a number of the versions, some of them becoming alliterative tongue-twisters.
The 4 eras of classical music: a quick guide
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On the twelfth day of ChristmasMy true love gave to meTwelve drummers drumming,Eleven pipers piping,Ten lords a-leaping,Nine ladies dancing,Eight maids a-milking,Seven swans a-swimming,Six geese a-laying,Five golden rings,Four calling birds,Three French hens,Two turtle dovesAnd a partridge in a pear tree. On the eleventh day of ChristmasMy true love gave to meEleven pipers piping,Ten lords a-leaping,Nine ladies dancing,Eight maids a-milking,Seven swans a-swimming,Six geese a-laying,Five golden rings,Four calling birds,Three French hens,Two turtle dovesAnd a partridge in a pear tree. On the tenth day of ChristmasMy true love gave to meTen lords a-leaping,Nine ladies dancing,Eight maids a-milking,Seven swans a-swimming,Six geese a-laying,Five golden rings,Four calling birds,Three French hens,Two turtle dovesAnd a partridge in a pear tree. On the seventh day of ChristmasMy true love gave to meSeven swans a-swimming,Six geese a-laying,Five golden rings,Four calling birds,Three French hens,Two turtle dovesAnd a partridge in a pear tree.
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- It is probably a corruption of “partridge in a pear tree”, though Gilchrist suggests “juniper tree” could have been joli perdrix, pretty partridge.
- In the final verse, Austin inserted a flourish on the words “Five gold rings”.
- Another suggestion is that an old English drinking song may have furnished the idea for the first gift.
- “The Twelve Days of Christmas” is an English Christmas carol and nursery rhyme.
A similar cumulative verse from Scotland, “The Yule Days”, has been likened to “The Twelve Days of Christmas” in the scholarly literature. The lyrics given here are from Frederic Austin’s 1909 publication that established the current form of the carol. The carol, whose words were first published in England in the late eighteenth century, has a Roud Folk Song Index number of 68. “The Twelve Days of Christmas” is an English Christmas carol and nursery rhyme.
If you’re interested in improving your benefit plan and improving lives, drop us a line. Regardless of its exact origins, The Twelve Days of Christmas has become a classic holiday carol, enjoyed by millions around the world during the festive season for its cheerful melody and playful, escalating lyrics. The index has been humorously criticised for not accurately reflecting the true cost of the gifts featured in the Christmas carol. The latter is the cumulative cost of all the gifts with the repetitions listed in the song. The former is an index of the current costs of one set of each of the gifts given by the True Love to the singer of the song “The Twelve Days of Christmas”. In the final verse, Austin inserted a flourish on the words “Five gold rings”.
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On the sixth day of ChristmasMy true love gave to meSix geese a-laying,Five golden rings,Four calling birds,Three French hens,Two turtle dovesAnd a partridge in a pear tree. On the fifth day of ChristmasMy true love gave to meFive golden rings,Four calling birds,Three French hens,Two turtle dovesAnd a partridge in a pear tree. On the twelfth day of Christmas,my true love sent to me Twelve drummers drumming,Eleven pipers piping,Ten lords a-leaping,Nine ladies dancing,Eight maids a-milking,Seven swans a-swimming,Six geese a-laying,Five golden rings,Four calling birds,Three French hens,Two turtle doves, And a partridge in a pear tree! On the eleventh day of Christmas,my true love sent to me Eleven pipers piping,Ten lords a-leaping,Nine ladies dancing,Eight maids a-milking,Seven swans a-swimming,Six geese a-laying,Five golden rings,Four calling birds,Three French hens,Two turtle doves, And a partridge in a pear tree. On the tenth day of Christmas,my true love sent to me Ten lords a-leaping,Nine ladies dancing,Eight maids a-milking,Seven swans a-swimming,Six geese a-laying,Five golden rings,Four calling birds,Three French hens,Two turtle doves, And a partridge in a pear tree. On the ninth day of Christmas,my true love sent to me Nine ladies dancing,Eight maids a-milking,Seven swans a-swimming,Six geese a-laying,Five golden rings,Four calling birds,Three French hens,Two turtle doves, And a partridge in a pear tree.
Twelfth Night is defined by the Oxford English Dictionary as “the evening of January 5th, the day before Epiphany, which traditionally marks the end of Christmas celebrations”. The exact origins and the meaning of the song are unknown, but it is highly probable that it originated from a children’s memory and forfeit game. Twelve good cheeses,Eleven good hams,Ten good turkeycocks,Nine horned oxen,Eight sheared sheep,Seven running dogs,Six hares in the field,Five rabbits trotting along the ground,Four ducks flying in the air,Three wood pigeons,Two turtle doves,One young partridge,Who flies, who flies, who flies,One young partridge,Who fliesFrom the wood to the field.
The now-standard melody for the carol was popularised by the English baritone and composer Frederic Austin. Snopes.com, a website reviewing urban legends, Internet rumours, e-mail forwards, and other stories of unknown or questionable origin, concludes that the hypothesis of the twelve gifts of Christmas being a surreptitious Catholic catechism is incorrect. The possibility that the twelve gifts were used as a catechism during the period of Catholic repression was also hypothesised in this same time period (1987 and 1992) by Fr. Hal Stockert wrote an article (subsequently posted online, in 1995) in which he suggested a similar possible use of the twelve gifts as part of a catechism. Others suggest the gold rings refer to “five goldspinks”—a goldspink being an old name for a goldfinch; or even canaries.a However, the 1780 publication includes an illustration that clearly depicts the “five gold rings” as being jewellery. Shahn suggests that “the five golden rings refer to the ringed pheasant”.
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Halliwell, writing in 1842, stated that “each child in succession repeats the gifts of the day, and forfeits for each mistake.” In the northern counties of England, the song was often called the “Ten Days of Christmas”, as there were only ten gifts. “The Twelve Days of Christmas” is a cumulative song, meaning that each verse is built on top of the previous verses.
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